Exact anticipation timing can help a quarterback move out of the pocket just at the right time to avoid being sacked. It is also vital for reading coverages and releasing the ball on time to receivers or for completing a perfect hand-off to a running back.
The quarterback has the most extensive and difficult reads to make, as the success of each play originates on his accurate read of the defensive scheme. Any lapse in concentration will result in a botched play, or worse, a fumble or interception. He must also be able to concentrate downfield on his receivers through the stress and distraction of the oncoming rush.
The ability to interpret visual input and then to successfully coordinate hand, foot and associated body movements is an important part of most sports because it affects both timing and body control. A QB must be able to throw the ball where it should go, particularly while he is scrambling or off balance.
Receivers or tight ends must be able to track and constantly refocus on the ball as it approaches, so it doesn't become a blur.
Catching a pass requires extreme concentration, especially when trying to focus on the ball through a maze of outstretched arms of defenders.
Receivers must calculate exactly the trajectory of the ball so that they can adjust their own speed and location to be in the exact spot to catch the ball.
Wideouts must be sure of the location of nearby opponents as well as the sideline. This will help to avoid injuries or allow them to make a quick move to spring into the open after making the catch.
As the running back handles the ball quite often in the game and can also be pass receiver, he must possess those visual skills which are required by the receivers such as Accommodation & Convergence, Concentration and Eye-Hand Coordination.
Peripheral Awareness is also an important skill for the back as he must often be able to pick up blitzing from linemen who have beaten their block. This skill is also required by the back while running the ball as he must be able to focus on where he is going and be able to see and recognize the action in his periphery. Speed & Span of Recognition is critically important to the ball carrier, as the more visual information he can take in, and the faster he can turn this into a physical reaction, the more effective his running will be.
As in the case of receivers, defensive backs and safeties must be able to track and constantly refocus on the ball as it approaches and not let it become a blur.
Defensive players must be able to effectively focus on the central object (the ball when it is in the air, the man in man-to-man coverage, the quarterback in zone coverage) and still be confident of the action happening around that object.
The visual system provides an individual with the information needed in order to act, as well as the information needed to judge when to act. Defensive backs and safeties need to be able to effectively judge the cutoff point of the on-coming ball or ball carrier.
Defensive players need to concentrate on the ball when it is in the air and make the interception. It usually requires a great athletic effort to arrive in position to make the 'pick' and it is often accomplished through the distraction of waving arms and moving bodies.
Lapses in this skill are extremely hazardous in this position as it is a high traffic area. It is also important to be able to concentrate on the 'keys' required to read each play with the many distractions associated with a high traffic area.
Line backing is a fast action/reaction position. The ability to take in visual infomation and instantaneously translate it into a physical reaction is vital to superior play.
A linebacker must be able to focus on his 'keys' while being aware of opponents in his area. One of the main concerns of the linebacker is the 'crack back' block. Early awareness and reaction to this potentially hazardous situation can greatly enhance his effectiveness and help to avoid injury.
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